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In this study, the pyrolysis behaviour of nonmetal fraction of waste printed circuit boards (NMF-WPCBs) was studied based on five model-free methods and distributed activation energy model (DAEM). The possible decomposition mechanism was further probed using the Criado method. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the NMF-WPCBs pyrolysis process could be divided into three stages with temperatures of 37-330°C, 330-380°C and 380-1000°C. The mass loss at different heating rate was determined as 26.85-29.98%, 13.47-24.21% and 20.43-23.36% for these stages, respectively. The activation energy () from various model-free methods first increased with degree of conversion () increasing from 0.05 to 0.275, and then decreased beyond this range. The coefficient () from the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method was higher, and the resulting fell into the range of 214.947-565.660 kJ mol. For the DAEM method, the average value was determined as 337.044 kJ mol, comparable with 329.664 kJ mol from the FWO method. The thermal decomposition kinetics of NMF-WPCBs could be better described by the second-order reaction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242X19896630 | DOI Listing |
Adv Mater
November 2024
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
The advancement of thin, lightweight, and high-power electronic devices has increasingly exacerbated issues related to electromagnetic interference and heat accumulation. To address these challenges, a spray-drying-sintering process is employed to assemble chain-like CoNi and flake boron nitride (BN) into hydrangea-like CoNi@BN heterostructure fillers. These fillers are then composited with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to develop CoNi@BN/PDMS composites, which integrate low-frequency microwave absorption and thermal conductivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnergy Fuels
September 2024
Institute of Energy Materials and Devices (IMD-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, Jülich 52428, Germany.
The release of alkali metals (K, Na) and nonmetals (S, Cl) during a calcium looping (CaL) gasification process of waste derived-hydrochars, water-leached samples, and CaO-biomass blends was investigated. Special attention was paid to biomasses that are not particularly promising for gasification requirements but have a large occurrence in Europe, including Grape Bagasse, Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW), Green Waste, and Out-of-use woods from construction debris and discarded furniture. The release experiments were performed at 650 °C in a flow channel reactor to investigate the behavior of inorganic trace substances.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
March 2024
AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland.
Air quality is of large concern in the city of Krakow, southern Poland. A comprehensive study was launched by us in which two PM fractions (PM and PM) were sampled during 1-year campaign, lasting from April 21, 2018 to March 19, 2019. A suite of modern analytical methods was used to characterize the chemical composition of the collected samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
September 2023
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University 710072 Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
The positive liquid crystals, 4'-heptyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile (7CB), are used to functionalize carbon nanotubes (LC-CNT), which can be aligned in the liquid crystalline polyimide (LC-PI) matrix under an alternating electric field to fabricate the thermally conductive LC-CNT/LC-PI composite films. The efficient establishment of thermal conduction pathways in thermally conductive LC-CNT/LC-PI composite films with a low amount of LC-CNT is achieved through the oriented alignment of LC-CNT within the LC-PI matrix. When the mass fraction of LC-CNT is 15 wt %, the in-plane thermal conductivity coefficient (λ ) and the through-plane thermal conductivity coefficient (λ ) of the LC-CNT/LC-PI composite films reach 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
January 2023
College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China. Electronic address:
A new carbazole-based spherical microporous polymer (Car-BDA-POP) was fabricated by employing 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde (BDA) and carbazole as monomers via a one-step and non-metal catalyst synthetic approach. It was then explored as an adsorbent for solid-phase extraction (SPE) of some chlorophenols (CPs). Under the optimized extraction conditions, the established Car-BDA-POP-based SPE coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet detection showed good linearity in the concentration range of 0.
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