Purpose: To evaluate the multifocal electroretinographic (mfERG) response in patients with macular telangiectasia (MacTel) type 2.
Methods: Prospective, observational case series. Thirty-four eyes of 18 patients diagnosed with nonproliferative MacTel type 2 underwent recording of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus fluorescein angiography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and mfERG using 61 hexagonal elements, in accordance with ISCEV guidelines. The P1 average response densities and implicit times of the first-order kernel responses were grouped into five concentric rings centred on the fovea. Data from the left eyes of cases (18 eyes) were compared with 34 eyes of age- and sex-matched controls. Correlation analyses were performed between BCVA, mfERG parameters and SD-OCT measurements.
Results: Mean BCVA of the cases was 0.3 ± 0.26 ranging from 0 to 1. On SD-OCT, mean central foveal thickness was 205.78 ± 40.92 μm and average mean macular thickness was 248.22 ± 23.08 μm. Mean P1 amplitudes were significantly decreased in eyes with MacTel type 2 as compared to controls in ring 1 (p = 0.039). Mean P1 implicit time in all the rings was comparable between the two groups. BCVA was significantly and negatively correlated with P1 amplitude in ring 1 (r = - 0.518, p = 0.028) in eyes with MacTel type 2.
Conclusion: mfERG reflects localised inner retinal dysfunction in MacTel type 2. Correlation with BCVA reinforces that mfERG should be used to objectively assess the macular function in these patients.
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