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Mother-child dyads living with HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa: Undetectable = Undetectable?
J Int AIDS Soc
February 2025
Centre for Integrated Data and Epidemiological Research, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Introduction: Globally, children living with HIV continue to lag behind UNAIDS targets for viral suppression (VS). Because studies with linked mother-child data are limited, we describe VS and associated factors among young children in a setting with early infant HIV testing (at birth, age 10 weeks and 6 months) and early protease inhibitor-based first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Methods: We analysed routinely collected mother-child data for children living with HIV born 2018-2022 in Western Cape province, South Africa (followed through mid-2023).
Novel Insights in Perioperative Neuroprotection in Neonatal Congenital Heart Disease.
Acta Paediatr
January 2025
Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, University and Polytechnics Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) includes defects of intrauterine cardiac development that result in alterations to the morphology and/or physiology of the heart, usually expressed early in fetal or postnatal life. This group represents one of the most common congenital anomalies of all living newborns worldwide. Neurodevelopmental deficits are a reality in patients with CHDs and may contribute to significant sequela and long-term morbidity beginning in infancy and extending into adulthood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCOVID Effects on Adherence to Joint Committee on Infant Hearing Newborn Screening Recommendations.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
January 2025
Division of Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Objective: Despite significant improvements in universal newborn hearing screenings (NBHS), infants are still lost to follow-up (LTF) after failed screening, delaying timely diagnosis and intervention. The challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic and its response likely exacerbated timely adherence to early diagnosis and intervention. This study aimed to assess the LTF rate for infants who did not pass their NBHS within Washington, DC and compare the LFT before and during the pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial Intelligence in Fetal Growth Restriction Management: A Narrative Review.
J Clin Ultrasound
January 2025
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
This narrative review examines the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in prenatal care, particularly in managing pregnancies complicated by Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR). AI provides a transformative approach to diagnosing and monitoring FGR by leveraging advanced machine-learning algorithms and extensive data analysis. Automated fetal biometry using AI has demonstrated significant precision in identifying fetal structures, while predictive models analyzing Doppler indices and maternal characteristics improve the reliability of adverse outcome predictions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative analysis of inflammatory biomarkers for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: IL-6, IL-8, SAA, CRP, and PCT.
Open Life Sci
January 2025
Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
Neonatal sepsis (NS) is highly likely to cause death; however, early diagnosis of NS is still a great challenge. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic values of IL-6, IL-8, and serum amyloid A (SAA) in NS patients. C-Reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and SAA were detected in 120 infants with NS (60 premature infants [NS-PIs] and 60 term infants [NS-TIs]).
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