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First case report on Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis in a young adult from Syria: Bridging clinical knowledge and practice.
Radiol Case Rep
February 2025
Neurology Department, Hama National Hospital, Hama, Syria.
Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis (BBE) is a rare immunologic condition characterized by CNS inflammation, presenting with ataxia, external ophthalmoplegia, altered consciousness, and quadriplegia. A 25-year-old male with no significant medical history exhibited symptoms of blurred vision, diplopia, facial numbness, and imbalance following a respiratory infection. Brain MRI revealed hyperintense lesions in the cerebral peduncle and pons on T2-weighted/FLAIR sequences but not on T1-weighted sequences, indicative of demyelination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPositive Antiganglioside Antibodies in a Patient with Primary Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System.
Intern Med
November 2024
Department of Neurology, Daido Hospital, Japan.
Up to one-third of lymphoma cases involve the nervous system. Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) associated with lymphoma is extremely rare. We herein report a case of primary central nervous system lymphoma initially mimicking MFS in a 70-year-old man who presented with subacute unsteady gait and diplopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeonatal adrenal haemorrhage presenting with bowel obstruction in a term neonate.
BMJ Case Rep
November 2024
Paediatric Surgery, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
Article Synopsis
- Neonatal adrenal haemorrhage occurs in about 0.17%-0.21% of infants but is often asymptomatic, suggesting the actual rate may be higher due to underreporting.
- The condition is more likely in neonates because their adrenal glands are larger and more vascular, making them susceptible to bleeding, especially during labor.
- A case study describes a newborn with symptoms indicating bowel obstruction, where surgical exploration revealed that adrenal haemorrhage was the rare cause of the obstruction, highlighting the need to consider this diagnosis when similar symptoms arise.
The First Report of Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis Induced by Atezolizumab for Metastatic Breast Cancer.
Acta Med Okayama
October 2024
Department of Breast Surgery, Takatsuki General Hospital.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, but they have been known to cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) by promoting T-cell activation. Neurological irAEs are rare (1%) but have a high fatality rate (11.5%).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-galactocerebroside Antibody-Associated Bickerstaff's Brainstem Encephalitis With Dysautonomia: A Case Report and a Review of Associated Central Nervous System Diseases.
Cureus
September 2024
Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, JPN.
A 68-year-old man developed diplopia, unsteady walking, and bladder and bowel dysfunction followed by consciousness disturbance within four weeks. On physical examination, consciousness disturbance, bilateral ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, disappearing of doll's eye phenomenon, dysarthria, and diminished deep tendon reflexes were observed. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed oligoclonal bands.
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