The osmotic stress is a powerful stimulus that elicits profound peripheral and central disturbances. In the mammalian brain, osmotic stress has been associated to several glial and neuronal changes. The lack of data regarding the impact on the dopaminergic system and locomotion led us to investigate the effect of prolonged water deprivation in rat on the midbrain dopaminergic system and locomotor performance by dehydrating rats for one and two weeks. Locomotor activity and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression were assessed using the open field test and immunohistochemistry respectively. Water deprivation was accompanied with a significant increment of TH expression within substantia nigra compacta (SNc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) gradually as the duration of dehydration increases. While locomotor activity showed the inverse tendency manifested by a drop of crossed boxes number following one and two weeks of water deprivation. Our data suggest a substantial implication of midbrain dopaminergic system in the central response to the osmotic stimuli accompanied with locomotor deficiencies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.08.003 | DOI Listing |
J Vis Exp
December 2024
1State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Comprehensive Experimental Center in Yellow River Delta of Chinese Academy of Forestry; Tianjin Institute of Forestry Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry;
Cryptobiosis is a state where organisms lose nearly all their internal water and enter anhydrobiosis under extreme environmental stress. The dispersal third-stage juveniles (pre-dauer juveniles, ) of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus can enter cryptobiosis through dehydration and revive upon rehydration when environmental conditions improve. Osmotic regulation is crucial for their survival in this process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
December 2024
Department of Biology, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146.
Animals alter their behavior in response to changes in the environment. Upon encountering hyperosmotic conditions, the nematode worm initiates avoidance and cessation of egg-laying behavior. While the sensory pathway for osmotic avoidance is well-understood, less is known about how egg laying is inhibited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanical properties of the nucleus are remodeled not only by extracellular forces transmitted to the nucleus but also by internal modifications, such as those induced by viral infections. During herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, the viral regulation of essential nuclear functions and growth of the nuclear viral replication compartments are known to reorganize nuclear structures. However, little is known about how this infection-induced nuclear deformation changes nuclear mechanobiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHortic Res
January 2025
College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
As one of the grave environmental hazards, soil salinization seriously limits crop productivity, growth, and development. When plants are exposed to salt stress, they suffer a sequence of damage mainly caused by osmotic stress, ion toxicity, and subsequently oxidative stress. As sessile organisms, plants have developed many physiological and biochemical strategies to mitigate the impact of salt stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHortic Res
January 2025
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
Gene transcription is governed by a complex regulatory system involving changes in chromatin structure, the action of transcription factors, and the activation of -regulatory elements. Postharvest fruits are threatened by , a leading causal agent of blue mold disease and one of the most economically significant postharvest pathogens worldwide. However, information on its transcription regulatory mechanism is lagging.
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