Application of controlled-release urea (CRU) improves crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) compared with conventional urea. However, the effectiveness of CRU differs with fertilization placement. A two site-year field experiment was carried out in fluvo-aquic soil in central China to study the effects of two N sources (CRU and urea) and three fertilization placements (band application between two corn rows at 0, 5, and 15 cm soil depths) on fresh ear yield and NUE of sweet corn. The soil inorganic N (NO-N and NH-N) concentrations at the soil layers of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, root morphology characteristics and leaf physiological functions were also measured during the sweet corn growth period. Results showed that the deep placement of CRU at 15 cm soil depth significantly increased the sweet corn fresh ear yield, total N uptake, and NUE by 6.3%-13.4%, 27.9%-39.5%, and 82.9%-140.1%, respectively compared with CRU application at 0 cm depth. Deep placement of CRU at 15 cm also increased the root morphology traits, gas exchange attributes, and soil NO-N and NH-N concentrations in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layer, especially during later crop growth stages. However, the different N placements exerted non-significant effects on NUE and fresh ear yield when urea was applied as the N source. In crux, deep CRU placement instead of urea at 15 cm depth can effectively improve fresh ear yield and NUE of sweet corn in fluvo-aquic soil because of higher root growth, better leaf physiological functions and increased availability of soil NO-N and NH-N.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56912-y | DOI Listing |
J Anat
December 2024
Human Anatomy Resource Centre, Education Directorate, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Ochronotic pigmentation of connective tissue is the central pathological process in the rare metabolic disease alkaptonuria (AKU). Tissue pigmentation in AKU occurs due to unmetabolised homogentisic acid (HGA) in the circulation, caused by an enzyme deficiency in the liver. Ochronotic pigmentation, derived from HGA, has previously been reported and described in large joints obtained from arthroplasty surgeries, which typically have advanced disease.
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December 2024
Division of Produce Safety, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, United States.
Recent listeriosis and salmonellosis outbreaks in the U.S. have been associated with consumption of specialty mushrooms, including enoki and wood ear.
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November 2024
Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Head and Neck Surgery, Al Nahdha Hospital, Muscat, OMN.
Purpose To investigate the epidemiology, etiology, treatment outcomes, and sequelae of nasal bone fractures (NBFs) in the Omani population, which may contribute to developing better treatment approaches and preventive strategies. Materials and methods A retrospective chart review was conducted at Al Nahdha Hospital from January 2012 to January 2017. Data on demographics, injury mechanisms, treatment modalities, and outcomes were collected for 453 patients with NBFs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurochem Res
December 2024
Department of Geriatrics, Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.6426 of Freie Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for the development and functioning of the vestibular system. BDNF promotes the growth, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity of vestibular neurons, ensuring their normal operation and maintenance. According to research, BDNF is pivotal during vestibular compensation, aiding in the recovery of neuron function by remodeling the spontaneous resting potentials of damaged vestibular neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis Exp
November 2024
Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
The living human inner ear is challenging to study because it is encased within dense otic capsule bone that limits access to biological tissue. Traditional temporal bone histopathology methods rely on lengthy, expensive decalcification protocols that take 9-10 months and reduce the types of tissue analysis possible due to RNA degradation. There is a critical need to develop methods to access fresh human inner ear tissue to better understand otologic diseases, such as Ménière's disease, at the cellular and molecular level.
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