Worldwide, 1 in 2000 people suffer from inherited retinal dystrophies (IRD). Individuals with IRD typically present with progressive vision loss that ultimately results in blindness. Unfortunately, effective treatment options are not widely available due to the genetic and clinical heterogeneity of these diseases. There are multiple gene, cell, and drug-based therapies in various phases of clinical trials for IRD. This mini-review documents current progress made in drug-based clinical trials for treating IRD.
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Anti-VEGF therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Kearns-Sayre syndrome.
Doc Ophthalmol
December 2024
Save Sight Institute Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Purpose: Multiple mitochondrial syndromes, such as Kearns-Sayre, involve the concurrence of diabetes mellitus and inherited pigmentary retinopathy. It is rare, however, for proliferative disease to develop in these patients as existing inner retinal dysfunction is thought to be protective.
Methods: To our knowledge this is the first description of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Kearns-Sayre syndrome.
Leber congenital amaurosis: A clinical and genetic study from a tertiary eye care center.
Indian J Ophthalmol
December 2024
Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Purpose: To assess the clinical phenotypes and genetic mutations in patients with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) from a tertiary eye care center in India.
Design: Retrospective observational study.
Methods: The study includes patients with a clinical diagnosis of LCA who underwent genetic testing from January 2016 to December 2021.
Pathology Findings and In-Life Correlates in the Nonclinical Development of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV)-Based Retinal Gene Therapies.
Toxicol Pathol
December 2024
GEMpath, Inc., Longmont, Colorado, USA.
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based vectors are the most frequently used platform for retinal gene therapy. Initially explored for the treatment of loss-of-function mutations underpinning many inherited retinal diseases, AAV-based ocular gene therapies are increasingly used to transduce endogenous cells to produce therapeutic proteins, thus producing site-specific biofactories. Relatively invasive ocular routes of administration (ROA) mean prominent procedure-related in-life, and histopathological findings may be observed with some regularity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn vivo adenine base editing ameliorates Rho-associated autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
J Genet Genomics
December 2024
MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, the First Affiliated Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China. Electronic address:
Mutations in the Rhodopsin (RHO) gene are the main cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP), 84% of which are pathogenic gain-of-function point mutations. Treatment strategies for adRP typically involve silencing or ablating the pathogenic allele, while normal RHO protein replacement has no meaningful therapeutic benefit. Here, we present an adenine base editor (ABE)-mediated therapeutic approach for adRP caused by RHO point mutations in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrognostic importance of direct assignment of parent-of-origin via long-read genome and epigenome sequencing in retinoblastoma.
JCI Insight
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology and Roger and Karalis Johnson Retina Center, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America.
Background: Current clinical sequencing methods cannot effectively detect DNA methylation and allele-specific variation to provide parent-of-origin information from the proband alone. Parent-of-origin effects can lead to differential disease and the inability to assign this in de novo cases limits prognostication in the majority of affected individuals with retinoblastoma, a hereditary cancer with suspected parent-of-origin effects.
Methods: To directly assign parent-of-origin in retinoblastoma patients, genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples for sequencing using a programmable, targeted single-molecule long-read DNA genomic and epigenomic approach.
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