Poecilogony is a type of reproduction in which a species produces different types of larvae. Boccardia wellingtonensis, is a poecilogonous polychaete with females producing planktotrophic and adelphophagic larvae, in addition to nurse eggs, in the same capsule that differ in feeding behavior. It is still unclear why planktotrophs do not feed on nurse eggs during the intracapsular development and arrest its growth, while adelphophagic larvae consume nurse eggs and planktotrophic larvae inside the capsule, hatching as advance larvae or as juveniles. Here we characterized the expression of selected miRNAs from these two types of larvae and from adults in order to begin to understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate expression in this type of poecilogony. Results showed that adults and pre-hatching adelphophagic larvae have high levels of expression of miR-125, miR-87a and let-7, while adelphophages at early developmental stage had low levels of expression of miR-87b. Planktotrophic larvae showed low expression level of let-7. This work represents the first step in understanding the role of miRNAs in the development of different larval types in a poecilogonous species. We also propose to B. wellingtonensis as an interesting biological model to study the evolution of larval modes and reproductive strategies of marine invertebrates.
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RNA-Seq reveals divergent gene expression between larvae with contrasting trophic modes in the poecilogonous polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis.
Sci Rep
July 2021
Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
The polychaete Boccardia wellingtonensis is a poecilogonous species that produces different larval types. Females may lay Type I capsules, in which only planktotrophic larvae are present, or Type III capsules that contain planktotrophic and adelphophagic larvae as well as nurse eggs. While planktotrophic larvae do not feed during encapsulation, adelphophagic larvae develop by feeding on nurse eggs and on other larvae inside the capsules and hatch at the juvenile stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMode of development (MOD) is a key feature that influences the rate and direction of evolution of marine invertebrates. Although many groups include species with different MODs, the evolutionary loss of feeding larvae is thought to be irreversible, as the complex structures used for larval feeding and swimming are lost, reduced, or modified in many species lacking feeding larvae. This view is largely based on observations of echinoderms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShort communication: Characterization of the expression of microRNAs in the poecilogonous polychaete B. wellingtonensis.
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Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Departamento Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile. Electronic address:
Poecilogony is a type of reproduction in which a species produces different types of larvae. Boccardia wellingtonensis, is a poecilogonous polychaete with females producing planktotrophic and adelphophagic larvae, in addition to nurse eggs, in the same capsule that differ in feeding behavior. It is still unclear why planktotrophs do not feed on nurse eggs during the intracapsular development and arrest its growth, while adelphophagic larvae consume nurse eggs and planktotrophic larvae inside the capsule, hatching as advance larvae or as juveniles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of the larval feeding morphology and digestive enzyme activity in the early development of the polychaete .
PeerJ
January 2019
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
In marine invertebrates, the modes of development at early stages are related to the type and capacity of larval feeding to achieve growth. Therefore, studying the factors that determine larval feeding strategies can help to understand the diversity of life histories and evolution of marine invertebrates. The polychaete is a poecilogonous species that encapsulates and incubates its offspring.
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Evodevo
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Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
Background: The life cycle of many animals includes a larval stage, which has diversified into an astonishing variety of ecological strategies. The Nemertea is a group of spiralians that exhibits a broad diversity of larval forms, including the iconic pilidium. A pelagic planktotrophic pilidium is the ancestral form in the Pilidiophora, but several lineages exhibit deviations of this condition, mostly as a transition to pelagic lecithotrophy.
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