Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

1938-808X9572020JulAcademic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical CollegesAcad MedCoproducing Health Professions Education: A Prerequisite to Coproducing Health Care Services?100610131006-101310.1097/ACM.0000000000003137In 2016, Batalden et al proposed a coproduction model for health care services. Starting from the argument that health care services should demonstrate service-dominant rather than goods-dominant logic, they argued that health care outcomes are the result of the intricate interaction of the provider and patient in concert with the system, community, and, ultimately, society. The key notion is that the patient is as much an expert in determining outcomes as the provider, but with different expertise. Patients come to the table with expertise in their lived experiences and the context of their lives.The authors posit that education, like health care services, should follow a service-dominant logic. Like the relationship between patients and providers, the relationship between learner and teacher requires the integrated expertise of each nested in the context of their system, community, and society to optimize outcomes. The authors then argue that health professions learners cannot be educated in a traditional, paternalistic model of education and then expected to practice in a manner that prioritizes coproductive partnerships with colleagues, patients, and families. They stress the necessity of adapting the health care services coproduction model to health professions education. Instead of asking whether the coproduction model is possible in the current system, they argue that the current system is not sustainable and not producing the desired kind of clinicians.A current example from a longitudinal integrated clerkship highlights some possibilities with coproduced education. Finally, the authors offer some practical ways to begin changing from the traditional model. They thus provide a conceptual framework and ideas for practical implementation to move the educational model closer to the coproduction health care services model that many strive for and, through that alignment, to set the stage for improved health outcomes for all.EnglanderRobertRR. Englander is associate dean, undergraduate medical education, and professor, pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota. E. Holmboe is chief, research, milestones development and evaluation, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Chicago, Illinois. P. Batalden is emeritus professor, Dartmouth Institute of Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. R.M. Caron is professor, Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Health and Human Services, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. C.F. Durham is professor and director, interprofessional education and practice, and director, education-innovation-simulation learning environment, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. T. Foster is professor of obstetrics and gynecology and of community and family medicine, Dartmouth Institute of Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. G. Ogrinc is senior associate dean for medical education and professor of medicine, Dartmouth Institute of Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. N. Ercan-Fang is associate director for medical education for primary and specialty care services, co-director, the VA longitudinal integrated clerkship, and associate professor of medicine, Minneapolis VA Health Care System and the University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota. M. Batalden is interim chief quality officer, Cambridge Health Alliance, and assistant professor of medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.HolmboeEricEBataldenPaulPCaronRosemary MRMDurhamCarol FCFFosterTinaTOgrincGregGErcan-FangNacideNBataldenMarenMengJournal Article