Improved succinate production from galactose-rich feedstocks by engineered Escherichia coli under anaerobic conditions.

It is of great economic interest to produce succinate from low-grade carbon sources, which can make it more economically competitive against petrochemical-based succinate. Galactose sugars constitute a significant fraction of the soluble carbohydrate in a meal from agricultural sources which is considered a low value or waste byproduct of oilseed processing. To improve the galactose utilization, the effect of galR and glk on sugars uptake was investigated by deactivation of each gene in three previously engineered host strains. As expected, glk plays an important role in glucose uptake, while, the effect of deactivation of galR is highly dependent on the strength of the downstream module (succinate production module). A new succinate producer FZ661T was constructed by enhancement of the succinate producing module and manipulation of the gal operon. The succinate productivity reached 4.57 g/L/hr when a mixed sugar feedstock was used as a carbon source in shake-flask fermentation, up to 812 mM succinate was accumulated in 80 hr in fed-batch fermentation. When SoyMolaGal hydrolysate was used as a carbon source, 628 mM (74 g/L) succinate was produced within 72 hr. In this study, we demonstrate that FZ661T can produce succinate quickly with relatively high yield, giving it the potential for industrial application.