Stroke
From the Department of Neurology (H.I., Y.I., A.S., K.-i.T., A.O.I., K.M., A.T., H.M., A.N., H.T.), Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan.
Published: March 2020
Background and Purpose- Cortical microinfarcts (CMIs) are small ischemic lesions found in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and embolic stroke. This study aimed to differentiate CMIs caused by CAA from those caused by microembolisms, using 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. Methods- We retrospectively investigated 70 patients with at least 1 cortical infarct <10 mm on 3-dimensional double inversion recovery imaging. Of the 70 patients, 43 had an embolic stroke history (Emboli-G) while 27 had CAA-group. We compared the size, number, location, and distribution of CMIs between groups and designed a radiological score for differentiation based on the comparisons. Results- CAA-group showed significantly more lesions <5 mm, which were restricted to the cortex (<0.01). Cortical lesion number was significantly higher in Emboli-G than in CAA-group (4 versus 2; <0.01). Lesions in CAA-group and Emboli-G were disproportionately located in the occipital lobe (<0.01) and frontal or parietal lobe (=0.04), respectively. In radiological scoring, ≥3 points strongly predicted microembolism (sensitivity, 63%; specificity, 92%) or CAA (sensitivity, 63%; specificity, 91%). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.85 and 0.87 for microembolism and CAA, respectively. Conclusions- Characteristics of CMIs on 3T-magnetic resonance imaging may differentiate CMIs due to CAA from those due to microembolisms.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.028202 | DOI Listing |
J Am Heart Assoc
January 2025
Background: Left ventricular (LV) geometric patterns are associated with cognitive impairment and cerebral small vessel disease. As a novel magnetic resonance imaging marker of cerebral small vessel disease and a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, cortical cerebral microinfarcts (CMIs) have been associated with heart disease through mechanisms including cardioembolism and cerebral hypoperfusion. Further investigation is required to determine whether cortical CMIs could arise from hemodynamic changes related to LV geometry, thus elucidating the connection between LV geometry and cognitive function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neuropathol
November 2024
Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an emerging biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with higher blood GFAP levels linked to faster cognitive decline, particularly among individuals with high brain amyloid burden. However, few studies have examined brain GFAP expression to clarify if peripheral associations reflect brain changes. This study aimed to correlate region-specific GFAP mRNA expression (n = 917) and protein abundance (n=386) with diverse neuropathological measures at autopsy in the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project (ROS/MAP) and to characterize the interaction between brain GFAP and brain amyloid burden on downstream outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Stroke
October 2024
Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Alzheimers Res Ther
October 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Eur J Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background And Purpose: The aim was to investigate the causal relationships of inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).
Methods: Bidirectional Mendelian randomization was first conducted to screen inflammatory cytokines and serum metabolites that were associated with imaging features of CSVD, including white matter hyperintensities, recent small subcortical infarcts, cortical cerebral microinfarcts, cerebral microbleeds, lacunes and enlarged perivascular spaces. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness and pleiotropy of these results.
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