An in vitro assessment and comparative effectiveness of silanized-glutaraldehyde functionalized titanium surfaces with phosphatidylcholine and type I collagen grafts.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate sequence-modified Ti surfaces functionalized with silanized glutaraldehyde and further grafted with the active biomolecules of phosphatidylcholine and type I collagen (COL I).

Methods: The properties of the functional surfaces were investigated by various surface analysis techniques and characterized their capability in osteogenic cell attachment, differentiation, and mineralization in vitro.

Results: The Ti surfaces grafted with phosphatidylcholine and COL I effectively improved the hydrophilicity. In addition, an effect of COL I concentrations (higher than 2.5μg/mL) do not stimulate subsequent alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity during osteogenesis in vitro. However, the result is different in phosphatidylcholine, that is, as the concentration of phosphatidylcholine increased enhances subsequent osteogenetic properties. The Ti groups with bioactive molecules affected cell characteristics in vitro in contrast to the controlled Ti group. The proliferation and differentiation levels of osteoprogenetor cells were enhanced and ALP was strongly expressed in the groups grafted with phosphatidylcholine and COL I.

Significance: This modification promotes progenitor bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation and thus drastically improves the success rate for implant modification by accelerating surface osseointegration.