Surgical treatment of spontaneous brainstem hemorrhage: A case report.

Rationale: The improvement of microneurosurgery and neuroimaging, as well as neuronavigation and neurophysiological monitoring, enables neurosurgeons to safely and accurately resect lesions on the brainstem.

Patient Concerns: A 54-year-old man, with 2-year history of hypertension, presented with sudden loss of consciousness for 1.5 hours.

Diagnoses: Spontaneous brainstem hemorrhage.

Interventions: We performed posterior fossa decompression together with hematoma evacuation in the super early stage for the patient.

Outcomes: The patient regained normal spontaneous breathing function after surgery. And he needed help for daily activities with hemiplegia of right limb at three-month follow-up.

Lessons: The hematoma evacuation together with posterior fossa decompression in the super early stage maybe a good treatment for patients in a deep coma with a large hematoma at the dorsal side.