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Optimum on-time and off-time combinations for micropulse phacoemulsification in venturi vacuum mode. | LitMetric
Purpose : To measure the time to fragment removal and number of chatter events using various combinations of micropulse on times and off times (measured in milliseconds) of longitudinal ultrasound (US) using a venturi-based phacoemulsification system.Setting : John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.Design : Experimental study.Methods : Pig lenses were hardened with formalin and cut into 2.0 mm cubes. The time to fragment removal (efficiency) and frequency of fragments bouncing off the tip (chatter) were measured with the venturi-based system. Micropulse longitudinal US was tested. Parameters were combinations of 5, 6, and 7 milliseconds on, with 5, 6, and 7 milliseconds off. Twenty runs each of 9 combinations were completed.Results : There was a statistically significant difference between on/off duty cycle combinations. The 6 on/7 off group had higher efficiency than the 5 on/6 off and 7 on/7 off groups. Six on/5 off was more efficient than 5 on/6 off. When data were pooled and on times alone were used, 6 milliseconds on time was more efficient than 5 or 7 milliseconds. No efficiency differences in off times were found. No significant chatter differences were observed.Conclusions : Using micropulse longitudinal US in venturi vacuum mode, 6 milliseconds on was the most efficient on time. Five, 6, and 7 milliseconds off times had similar efficiency. These data suggest that the most efficient setting with lowest US energy use is 6 milliseconds on and 7 milliseconds off.
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