Advances of immune checkpoints in colorectal cancer treatment.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant gastrointestinal cancer that seriously threatens human health. Its morbidity and mortality are in the forefront of tumors. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy play an important role in the treatment of CRC, which can improve the survival time and quality of life of patients, but the treatment progress is slow, and the treatment effect is not satisfactory. In recent years, immunotherapy has been a new direction in the field of colorectal cancer treatment after radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Immune checkpoints play a vital role in the immunotherapy of cancer, and take part in the immune escape of cancer, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. This article reviews the research progress of immune checkpoints and their blockers in the field of CRC, in order to help better use of the immune system to treat cancer.