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Cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis and outcomes among Manitoba First Nations people living on and off reserve: a retrospective population-based analysis. | LitMetric
College of Nursing (Horrill, Thompson, Schultz), Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; Rady Faculty of Health Sciences (Dhal, Cook), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; University College of the North (Sanderson); Cree Nation Tribal Health Centre (Munro), The Pas, Man.; Interlake Reserves Tribal Council (Garson); Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (Fransoo), University of Manitoba; Indigenous Health Library (Linton), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
Published: December 2019
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: Substantial cancer-related disparities exist between First Nations and non-Indigenous Canadians. The objectives of this study were to compare cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis and mortality outcomes between Status First Nations people living on reserve and off reserve in Manitoba.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of population-level administrative health databases in Manitoba. Cancers diagnosed between Apr. 1, 2004, and Mar. 31, 2011, were linked with the Indian Registry System and 5 provincial databases. We compared differences in baseline characteristics, cancer incidence, site and stage at diagnosis between Status First Nations patients living on and off reserve. Linear regression models examined trends in annual cancer incidence. Cox proportional hazard regression models examined mortality.
Results: There were 1524 newly diagnosed cancers among Status First Nations people in Manitoba between Apr. 1, 2004, and Mar. 31, 2011. First Nations people living on reserve were significantly older than those living off reserve ( < 0.001) and had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores at diagnosis ( = 0.01). A lower proportion of on-reserve patients than off-reserve patients were diagnosed with stage I cancers (21.7% v. 26.9%, = 0.02). There were no differences in annual cancer incidence between groups. The adjusted incidence of cancer over the combined study years was higher in the off-reserve group than in the on-reserve group (287.9 v. 247.9 per 100 000, = 0.02). No significant differences in mortality were found.
Interpretation: The lower proportion of on-reserve patients diagnosed with cancer at stage I is concerning, as it suggests less access to screening services or delays in diagnosis. Further research is needed to understand patterns in diagnosis and differences in cancer site and overall cancer incidence between First Nations people living on and off reserve.
