Objective: To perform immunohistochemical typing of cells as a component of bioprosthetic (BP) heart valves explanted during reoperations for prosthetic valve endocarditis.
Material And Methods: The authors investigated 8 models of KemCor and PeriCor artificial heart valves produced by NeoCor Company (Kemerovo, Russia), which were explanted from the mitral position due to infection of xenogeneic implanted material. The following markers: CD3 (T-lymphocytes), CD20 (B-lymphocytes), CD34 and VEGFR2 (endotheliocytes), CD68 (monocytes/macrophages), vimentin (fibroblasts), and α-smooth muscle actin (smooth muscle cells), were used for immunohistochemical typing of cells as a component of the analyzed samples.
Results: Recipient cells were found to colonize devitalized BP tissues in infective endocarditis. This process simultaneously involved several types of cells performing their functions in infectious lesion and its initiation of BP remodeling. Macrophages contributed to the sanitation of the foci of infection and destruction of BP xenotissue; endotheliocytes ensured neovascularization and resistance of the implanted valve surface to infection; fibroblasts played a role in the neoplastic transformation of collagen, and smooth muscle cells were likely to take on the role in forming the elastic framework of a leaflet and in ensuring the mechanical properties of the bioprosthesis.
Conclusion: In the time course of development of prosthetic endocarditis, the recipient cells populate xenovalve leaflets that are a modified extracellular matrix obtained from the porcine aortic valve complex. This process is a consequence of the destruction of the BP surface and deep components. The observed cellular reactions are likely to be adaptive and to be aimed at eliminating microorganisms and regenerating structural damages.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/patol20198106116 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The prevalence of aortic stenosis in Māori undergoing clinically indicated echocardiography compared to New Zealand Europeans.
N Z Med J
January 2025
Department of Medicine, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Cardiology, Dunedin Hospital, Southern District Health Board, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Aim: There are limited data on the prevalence of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) in Māori and known inequities in outcomes after aortic valve intervention. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CAVD in Māori.
Methods: Data from initial clinically indicated echocardiograms performed between 2010 to 2018 in patients aged ≥18 years were linked to nationally collected outcome data.
Autograft dilation after Ross procedure in children and young adults is mitigated by autograft reinforcement: A retrospective MRI study.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
Limited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on autograft dilatation following the Ross procedure in congenital cohorts presents challenges in understanding its evolution and impact on clinical outcomes. This study, spanning from February 2003 to December 2022, included patients under 40 years at the time of the Ross procedure, with MRI follow-ups assessing dimensions at key aortic sites. Among 307 patients, 132 MRIs were analyzed from 76 individuals, revealing that autograft z-scores increase primarily with time post-procedure (Coef.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystolic blood pressure response during exercise testing in symptomatic severe aortic stenosis.
Open Heart
January 2025
Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Aims: Exercise testing remains underused in patients with aortic stenosis (AS), partly due to concerns about an exercise-induced drop in systolic blood pressure (SBP). We aimed to study the SBP response to exercise in patients with severe symptomatic AS prior to surgery and 1 year postoperatively.
Methods: Patients scheduled for aortic valve replacement due to severe symptomatic AS were enrolled at a single centre in a prospective observational cohort study.
Machine-learning versus traditional methods for prediction of all-cause mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Open Heart
January 2025
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Background: Accurate mortality prediction following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is essential for mitigating risk, shared decision-making and periprocedural planning. Surgical risk models have demonstrated modest discriminative value for patients undergoing TAVI and are typically poorly calibrated, with incremental improvements seen in TAVI-specific models. Machine learning (ML) models offer an alternative risk stratification that may offer improved predictive accuracy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuspected Transient Ischemic Attack Related to Dysfunctional Quadricuspid Aortic Valve.
J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep
January 2025
The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
We describe a 30-year-old Caribbean-Black woman with a clinical presentation suggestive of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) with no conventional cerebrovascular risk factors, albeit with a newly diagnosed quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) with moderate aortic regurgitation (AR). Although QAV is a recognized congenital cardiac defect, its association with TIA remains elusive. This case highlights the importance of considering potential atypical etiologies, such as QAV, in the evaluation and management of young patients presenting with cerebrovascular events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!