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Organic trace elements enhance growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in finishing pigs.
Front Vet Sci
December 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
Excessive inorganic trace elements are added to livestock and poultry feed to meet the needs of animals, accompanied by frequent occurrence of excretion and gastrointestinal stress. Replacing inorganic trace elements with organic trace elements provides a promising solution to alleviate these problems. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of replacing all inorganic trace elements (ITMs) in feed on the growth performance, meat quality, serum parameters, trace element metabolism, and gut microbiota of finishing pigs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRestorative Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Corneal Homeostasis Disrupted by Antibiotic-Induced Gut Dysbiosis.
Am J Pathol
December 2024
International Ocular Surface Research Center, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China. Electronic address:
The gut microbiota plays a crucial regulatory role in various physiological processes, yet its impact on corneal homeostasis remains insufficiently understood. Here, we investigate the effects of antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis (AIGD) and germ-free (GF) conditions on circadian gene expression, barrier integrity, nerve density, and immune cell activity in the corneas of mice. Through RNA sequencing, we found that both AIGD and GF conditions significantly disrupted the overall transcriptomic profile and circadian transcriptomic oscillations in the cornea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe microbiome and the eye: a new era in ophthalmology.
Eye (Lond)
December 2024
Corneoplastic Unit, Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, RH19 3DZ, UK.
The human microbiome has progressively been recognised for its role in various disease processes. In ophthalmology, complex interactions between the gut and distinct ocular microbiota within each structure and microenvironment of the eye has advanced our knowledge on the multi-directional relationships of these ecosystems. Increasingly, studies have shown that modulation of the microbiome can be achieved through faecal microbiota transplantation and synbiotics producing favourable outcomes for ophthalmic diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecoding Neurodegeneration: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Advances in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Anatomy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS, and Huntington's, remain formidable challenges in medicine, with their relentless progression and limited therapeutic options. These diseases arise from a web of molecular disturbances-misfolded proteins, chronic neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic mutations-that slowly dismantle neuronal integrity. Yet, recent scientific breakthroughs are opening new paths to intervene in these once-intractable conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution of the ocular immune system.
Eye (Lond)
December 2024
Emeritus Professor, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
The evolution of the ocular immune system should be viewed within the context of the evolution of the immune system, and indeed organisms, as a whole. Since the earliest time, the most primitive responses of single cell organisms involved molecules such as anti-microbial peptides and behaviours such as phagocytosis. Innate immunity took shape ~2.
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