MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in the regulation of a broad range of biological processes. Like transcription factors, miRNAs exert their effects by modulating the expression of networks of genes that operate in common or convergent pathways. CD8 T cells are critical agents of the adaptive immune system that provide protection from infection and cancer. Here, we review the important roles of miRNAs in the regulation of CD8 T cell biology and provide perspectives on the broader emerging principles of miRNA function.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2019.07.02 | DOI Listing |
Br J Dermatol
December 2024
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Background: The tumour microenvironment significantly influences the clinical response of patients to therapeutic immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), but a comprehensive understanding of the underlying immune-regulatory proteome is still lacking.
Objectives: To decipher targetable biologic processes that determine tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TiLs) as a cellular equivalent of clinical response to ICI.
Methods: We mapped the spatial distribution of proteins in TiL-enriched vs.
Cancer Immunol Immunother
December 2024
Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common digestive cancer in the world. Microsatellite stability (MSS) and microsatellite instability (MSI-high) are important molecular subtypes of CRC closely related to tumor occurrence and progression and immunotherapy efficacy. The presence of CD8 CXCR5 follicular cytotoxic T (T) cells is strongly associated with autoimmune disease and CD8 effector function.
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December 2024
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Abundant infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the tumor stroma plays a pivotal role in inducing immune escape in pancreatic cancer (PC). Lactate serves as a direct regulator of macrophage polarization and functions, although the precise regulation mechanism remains inadequately understood. Our study revealed that PC cells (PCs) promote macrophage polarization toward M2d through high lactate secretion.
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December 2024
Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, China.
HDAC3 has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the progression of various tumors and the differentiation and development of T cells. However, its impact on peripheral T cells in the development of murine lung cancer remains unclear. In this experiment, a subcutaneous lung tumor model was established in C57BL/6 mice, and tumor-bearing mice were treated with the specific inhibitor of HDAC3, RGFP966, at different doses to observe changes in tumor size.
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December 2024
Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
The scaffold protein AMBRA1, which participates in the autophagy pathway, also promotes CD4 T cell differentiation to Tregs independent of autophagy through its interactor PP2A. Here we have investigated the role of AMBRA1 in CD8 T cell differentiation to cytotoxic T cells (CTL). AMBRA1 depletion in CD8 T cells was associated with impaired expression of the transcription factors RUNX3 and T-BET that drive CTL differentiation and resulted in impaired acquisition of cytotoxic potential.
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