We consider the question whether a chemical reaction network preserves the number and stability of its positive steady states upon inclusion of inflow and outflow reactions. Often a model of a reaction network is presented without inflows and outflows, while in fact some of the species might be degraded or leaked to the environment, or be synthesized or transported into the system. We provide a sufficient and easy-to-check criterion based on the stoichiometry of the reaction network alone and discuss examples from systems biology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2019.108295 | DOI Listing |
Neural Comput
January 2025
Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200437, China
Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have attracted significant interest in the development of brain-inspired computing systems due to their energy efficiency and similarities to biological information processing. In contrast to continuous-valued artificial neural networks, which produce results in a single step, SNNs require multiple steps during inference to achieve a desired accuracy level, resulting in a burden in real-time response and energy efficiency. Inspired by the tradeoff between speed and accuracy in human and animal decision-making processes, which exhibit correlations among reaction times, task complexity, and decision confidence, an inquiry emerges regarding how an SNN model can benefit by implementing these attributes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Pathol Lab Med
December 2024
Hematopathology and Transfusion Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Xia).
Context.—: Small biopsies are used for histologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, molecular genetic, and other ancillary studies. Occasionally, this diagnostic tissue is exhausted before molecular testing can be performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
January 2025
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
In landfill leachates containing complex dissolved organic matter (DOM), the link between individual DOM constituents and their inherent oxidizability is unclear. Here, we resolved the molecular signatures of DOM oxidized by OH/O using FT-ICR MS, thereby elucidating their oxidizability and resistance in concentrated leachates. The comprehensive gradual fragmentation of complex leachate DOM was then revealed through a modified machine-learning framework based on 43 key pathways during ozonation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Neurol Neurosci Rep
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, 34295, France.
Purpose Of Review: In low-grade glioma (LGG), besides the patient's neurological status and tumor characteristics on neuroimaging, current treatment guidelines mainly rely on the glioma's genetics at diagnosis to define therapeutic strategy, usually starting with surgical resection. However, this snapshot in time does not take into account the antecedent period of tumor progression and its interactions with the brain before presentation. This article reviews new concepts that pertain to reconstruct the history of previous interplay between the LGG's course and adaptive changes in the connectome within which the glioma is embedded over the years preceding the diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Infect Dis
December 2024
Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto.
Background: Shorter courses of antibiotic therapy are increasingly recommended to reduce antibiotic exposure. However quantifying the real-world impact of duration of therapy is hindered by bias common in observational studies. We aimed to evaluate the harms and benefits of longer versus shorter duration of therapy in older adults.
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