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Hawks, Doves, and Perissodus microlepis. Undermining the selected effects theory of function.
Hist Philos Life Sci
January 2025
Department Civilization and Forms of Knowledge, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy.
The selected effects theory is supposed to provide a fully naturalistic basis for statements about what biological traits or processes are for without appeal to final causes or intelligent design. On the selected effects theory, biologists are allowed to say, for instance, that hindwing eyespots on butterfly wings serve to deflect predators' attacks away from vital organs because a similar fitness-enhancing effect explains why eyespots themselves were favoured by natural selection and persisted in the population. This is known as the explanatory dimension of the selected effects theory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Abdominoplasty may be considered a procedure performed after a patient has already lost weight, but many surgeons have clinically observed that patients continue to lose weight in the postoperative period. This study sought to quantify continued weight loss after abdominoplasty procedures.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on all abdominoplasty cases performed by the senior author between 2018 and 2022.
Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the typical complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with approximately 10 % of DKD patients experiencing a Rapid decline (RD) in kidney function. RD leads to an increased risk of poor outcomes such as the need for dialysis. Albuminuria is a known kidney damage biomarker for DKD, yet RD cases do not always show changes in albuminuria, and the exact mechanism of RD remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOutcome of selective non-diverting low anterior resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and curative surgery for proximal rectal cancer: A prospective case series.
Middle East J Dig Dis
October 2024
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Colorectal Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Low anterior resection (LAR) is the gold standard for curative cancer treatment in the middle and upper rectum. In radically operated patients, the local recurrence rates with total mesorectal excision (TME) after 5 and 10 years was<10%, with 80% in 5 years survival. Anastomotic leakage (AL) affects 4%-20% of patients who underwent LAR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoadmap to advance therapeutics for -related disorder: a patient organization perspective from SynGAP Research Fund.
Ther Adv Rare Dis
January 2025
SynGAP Research Fund, 2856 Curie Pl., San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
-related disorder (SRD) is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy caused by a disruption of the gene. At the beginning of 2024, it is one of many rare monogenic brain disorders without disease-modifying treatments, but that is changing. This article chronicles the last 5 years, beginning when treatments for SRD were not publicly in development, to the start of 2024 when many SRD-specific treatments are advancing.
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