Gold-based nanomaterials of various sizes and geometries have been prepared for use as photothermal agents due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Here we report a simple one-step synthesis of gold nanoworms (NWs) and characterized them with transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that small gold nanounits were first formed by reducing chloroaurate ions (AuCl) with sodium borohydride (NaBH), and then fused together to form NWs assisted by dopamine (DA), which served a structure-director due to an oriented attachment mechanism. Then DA in the solution was further polymerized into polydopamine (PDA) to form a coating layer on the surface of gold NWs. Moreover, further experiments showed that gold NWs had low cytotoxicity and excellent performance as a photothermal bactericidal on both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. These results show that the synthesized gold NWs are a promising photothermal agent.
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