Neudesin Neurotrophic Factor Promotes Bovine Preadipocyte Differentiation and Inhibits Myoblast Myogenesis.

Neudesin neurotrophic factor (NENF) is a secreted protein that is essential in multiple biological processes, including neural functions, adipogenesis, and tumorigenesis. In our previous study, NENF was significantly inhibited in the bovine adipocytes-myoblasts co-culture system. However, studies on NENF regulation of bovine muscle development and involvement in the cross-talk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle have not been reported. Hence, the aim of this study was to clarify the functional roles of in bovine preadipocytes and myoblasts. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to examine the spatial expression patterns of in different tissues, and the results showed that was highly expressed in the muscle of four-day-old and 24-month-old Qinchuan cattle. Compared with four-day-old Qinchuan cattle, the expression level of was significantly up-regulated in 24-month-old bovine adipose tissue. To explore the roles of in bovine myoblast and preadipocyte differentiation, small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the gene were transfected into bovine preadipocytes and myoblasts to knock down the expression of the gene. The results showed that the knockdown of in differentiating adipocytes attenuated lipid accumulation, decreased the mRNA expression of adipogenic key marker genes and , and decreased the protein expression of PPARγ, CEBPα, and FASN. The formation of myotubes was significantly accelerated, and the mRNA expression levels of myogenic marker genes and and the protein expression levels of MYOD1, MYF6, MEF2A, and CKM were up-regulated in myoblasts where was knocked down. In short, the knockdown of inhibited preadipocyte differentiation and promoted myoblast myogenesis.