We examined the prevalence of , including pathogenic species such as and , among wild sika deer () and boars () captured in Japan. The prevalence of in the wild deer was 75% (207/277) and in the boars was 74% (40/54). A total of 417 isolates of nine species were isolated from the animals examined: the largest number of isolates (48%, 200/417) were biotype 1A. Pathogenic 1B/O:8 were also isolated from two deer, and serogroups 3 and 4 were isolated from two boars and a deer, respectively. The pathogenic 1B/O:8 isolates carried four virulence genes (, , , and ), and serogroups 3 and 4 isolates carried three virulence genes (, , and ). Although the 1B/O:8 and isolates were sensitive to almost all the antimicrobials tested, the two 1B/O:8 isolates were resistant to azithromycin and ampicillin, and the three isolates were resistant only to azithromycin. These findings suggested that wild deer and boars might be important reservoirs for the agent causing human yersiniosis.
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