In the present study, we add genetic data of the mayfly collected from the Japanese Islands to the established molecular phylogenetic knowledge in the mitochondrial COI gene of mayflies. is a typical cosmopolitan species that includes six intraspecific haplotype groups. The present phylogenetic analysis revealed that haplotypes of the Japanese constitute a seventh group together with a haplotype from Korea. This East Asian group forms a sister group with previously known European and North American haplotype groups (i.e., the clade CT1 to CT3). The present phylogenetic analysis further revealed the occurrence of two described species ( and ) and possibly three species ( sp. 1 to 3) in Japan. Consideration is given to the degree of genetic differentiation, divergence time, and differentiation process among these seven genetic groups.
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