of the species complex causes head blight in small-grain cereals. The nivalenol (NIV) chemotypes of is more common than the deoxynivalenol (DON) chemotypes of or in Korea. To understand the prevalence of NIV in Korean cereals, we characterized the biological traits of 80 cereal isolates of producing NIV or 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON), and 54 with 3-ADON or 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON). There was no significant difference in mycelial growth between the chemotypes, but isolates grew approximately 30% faster than isolates on potato dextrose agar. Sexual and asexual reproduction capacities differed markedly between the two species. Both chemotypes of (3-ADON and 15-ADON) produced significantly higher numbers of perithecia and conidia than NIV. The highest level of mycotoxins (sum of trichothecenes and zearalenone) was produced by 3-ADON on rice medium, followed by 15-ADON, 3-ADON, and NIV. Zearalenone levels were correlated with DON levels in some chemotypes, but not with NIV levels. Disease assessment on barley, maize, rice, and wheat revealed that both and isolates were virulent toward all crops tested. However, there is a tendency that virulence levels of NIV isolates on rice were higher than those of isolates. Taken together, the phenotypic traits found among the Korean NIV isolates suggest an association with their host adaptation to certain environments in Korea.
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Chemical control of head blight (FHB) in wheat plants is often challenged by the resistance outbreak and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation. Developing green partners for fungicides is crucial for reducing fungal growth, mycotoxin contamination, and agricultural fungicides input. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of MgO nanoparticles (NPs) in controlling FHB.
National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis & Application, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China; School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China. Electronic address:
Determination of Fusarium spores is essential for precision control of Fusarium head blight and ensuring agri-food safety. As a highly sensitive real-time detection technique with rich fingerprint information and little influence from water, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been widely applied in the determination of microorganisms. However, fungi determination faces significant challenges including low sensitivity, and poor specificity.
is one of the most important plant-pathogenic fungi that causes disease on wheat and maize, as it decreases yield in both crops and produces mycotoxins that pose a risk to human and animal health. Resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat is well studied and documented. However, resistance to Gibberella ear rot (GER) in maize is less understood, despite several similarities with FHB.
Unlabelled: Wheat ( L.), a vital cereal crop, provides over 20% of the total calories and protein in the human diet. However, , the pathogen responsible for Fusarium head blight (FHB), poses a significant threat to wheat production by contaminating grains with harmful mycotoxins.
Fusarium vorosii (Fv) is one of the least studied species of the Fusarium graminearum species complex, a major plant pathogen causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in a variety of crops. In this study, we isolated 12 strains of Fv from cereal samples with FHB symptoms and gramineous weeds. Trichothecene genotyping of Fv strains showed that 10 strains were nivalenol (NIV) type and 2 strains were 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15ADON) type.
