AI Article Synopsis
- The balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) is vital for how the brain processes information and is consistent across various conditions and disorders.
- A study examined how synaptic inhibition varies over a 24-hour day to adapt to changes in synaptic excitation related to sleep, finding that inhibition actually increases during the light phase.
- These changes in E/I balance affect feedback circuits in the visual cortex, prompting new inquiries into how this balance is maintained and its implications for brain function.
Article Abstract
A balance between synaptic excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) maintained within a narrow window is widely regarded to be crucial for cortical processing. In line with this idea, the E/I balance is reportedly comparable across neighboring neurons, behavioral states, and developmental stages and altered in many neurological disorders. Motivated by these ideas, we examined whether synaptic inhibition changes over the 24-h day to compensate for the well-documented sleep-dependent changes in synaptic excitation. We found that, in pyramidal cells of visual and prefrontal cortices and hippocampal CA1, synaptic inhibition also changes over the 24-h light/dark cycle but, surprisingly, in the opposite direction of synaptic excitation. Inhibition is upregulated in the visual cortex during the light phase in a sleep-dependent manner. In the visual cortex, these changes in the E/I balance occurred in feedback, but not feedforward, circuits. These observations open new and interesting questions on the function and regulation of the E/I balance.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9520672 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2019.11.011 | DOI Listing |
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