Background: Cystic abdominal masses are a common main or incidental finding in daily radiological practice; however, differentiation is not always trivial.
Objectives: In children, cystic abdominal masses represent a special feature compared to adults, since the spectrum of congenital lesions must be taken into consideration. The article gives a structured overview of the most common entities.
Materials And Methods: The standard methods in abdominal imaging in pediatric radiology are ultrasound and MRI. Based on a literature review, the most important differential diagnoses with their characteristics in ultrasound and MRI were compiled.
Results And Discussion: With anatomical classification, presence or absence of solid components as well as the contrast agent behavior in the MRI, the cystic masses can be well differentiated and classified into three groups: congenital and acquired cysts as well as neoplasms.
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