Whole-genome sequencing of dog-specific assemblages C and D of from single and pooled cysts indicates host-associated genes.

Microb Genom

Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Published: December 2019

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study examines the genomes of various assemblages of a parasitic organism affecting both humans and animals, focusing on assemblages C and D isolated from dog feces.
  • Genomes sequenced from these assemblages show high completeness and distinct allelic sequence heterozygosity values compared to other assemblages, suggesting genetic diversity.
  • Key genes related to detoxification were only found in certain assemblages, indicating possible links between genetic differences and host specificity.

Article Abstract

(syn. or ) infSAects over 280 million people each year and numerous animals. can be subdivided into eight assemblages with different host specificity. Unculturable assemblages have so far resisted genome sequencing efforts. In this study, we isolated single and pooled cysts of assemblages C and D from dog faeces by FACS, and sequenced them using multiple displacement amplification and Illumina paired-end sequencing. The genomes of assemblages C and D were compared with genomes of assemblages A and B from humans and assemblage E from ruminants and pigs. The genomes obtained from the pooled cysts and from the single cysts were considered complete (>99 % marker genes observed) and the allelic sequence heterozygosity (ASH) values of assemblages C and D were 0.89 and 0.74 %, respectively. These ASH values were slightly higher than for assemblage B (>0.43 %) and much higher than for assemblages A and E, which ranged from 0.002 to 0.037 %. The flavohaemoglobin and 4Fe-4S binding domain family encoding genes involved in O and NO detoxification were only present in assemblages A, B and E. Cathepsin B orthologs were found in all genomes. Six clades of cathepsin B orthologs contained one gene of each genome, while in three clades not all assemblages were represented. We conclude that whole-genome sequencing from a single cyst results in complete draft genomes, making the genomes of unculturable assemblages accessible. Observed differences between the genomes of assemblages C and D on one hand and the assemblages A, B and E on the other hand are possibly associated with host specificity.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6939161PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000302DOI Listing

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