This study describes the development of a novel Empore™ disk-based passive sampler specially adapted to groundwater monitoring. The sampler was calibrated in the laboratory using conditions that corresponded to groundwater (i.e. matrix medium, water temperature, flow rate and water flow across the disks). The retention and elution performance for sixteen semi-polar and polar pollutants on the Empore™ disk (47 mm diameter, SDB-XC) was evaluated. Recoveries were ~80% for the majority of compounds. Sampler uptake kinetics were measured over fourteen days at three concentrations (10, 100 and 500 ng L) and the sampling rate (R) calculated for four compounds. There was no influence of concentration of the test analyte on the uptake profile; with mean R varying between 0.018 ± 0.007 L day and 0.047 ± 0.001 L day. Passive samplers were deployed in twelve characterized groundwater wells near Lyon (France). Atrazine, atrazine-desethyl and diuron were the main pollutants found with a maximum time-weighted concentration of 61 ± 3, 62 ± 24 and 127 ± 49 ng L respectively.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120307 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the use of Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers (POCIS) as a more effective method for monitoring pharmaceutical residues in wastewater compared to traditional grab sampling.
- POCIS allows for continuous sampling over days or weeks, providing more representative data, though challenges remain in obtaining precise quantitative results due to calibration needs.
- The research successfully identifies and calibrates sampling rates for 49 pharmaceuticals in a wastewater treatment plant near Barcelona, yielding high concentrations of specific compounds, thus establishing a methodology for better environmental monitoring of pharmaceuticals.
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