Factors associated with disease activity after orthopaedic surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

This study evaluated the effect of surgical intervention on disease activity and factors associated with postoperative disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). One hundred and seventy-five patients with RA who underwent a single orthopaedic surgical procedure with 1 year of follow-up were retrospectively reviewed to assess postoperative changes in disease activity using disease activity score in 28 Joints calculated with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP). European League against Rheumatology (EULAR) response criteria were used to assess the response to surgical intervention. Overall disease activity was significantly improved after surgery. Therapeutic regimens including biological/targeted-synthetic (b/ts) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), methotrexate (MTX), and prednisolone (PSL) were not significantly changed 1 year after surgery. Shorter disease duration, surgery of large joints, higher baseline DAS28-CRP, and no use of b/tsDMARDs affected postoperative improvement of disease activity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that large joint surgery and no preoperative use of b/tsDMARDs were independent factors leading to good response to EULAR criteria after surgery (OR = 2.70; 95% CI, 1.03-7.06;  < .05, OR = 4.09; 95% CI, 1.50-11.14;  < .01, respectively). Significant improvement of disease activity after surgical intervention may be expected in patients with RA with large joint surgeries or no preoperative use of b/tsDMARDs.