Spinal rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor: A case report.

Rationale: Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a rare tumor which has been first reported as the fourth ventricle tumor by Komori et al and is classified as a distinct clinicopathological entity by the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System as in 2007. Although RGNTs were reported to occur in both supratentorial and inflatentorial sites, only 4 case reports of spinal RGNT have been demonstrated.

Patient Concerns: A 37-year-old female presenting with slowly progressing right-sided clumsiness. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging revealed a spinal intramedullary tumor between the C2 and C5 levels.

Diagnoses: Pathological analysis showed unique biphasic cellular architecture consisting of perivascular pseudorosettes dominantly with few neurocytic rosettes and diffuse astrocytoma component. The tumor cells composed of perivascular pseudorosettes showed positivity for both synaptophysin and glial markers such as GFAP and Olig2. Therefore, the diagnosis of RGNT was made.

Interventions: Gross total resection of the tumor was achieved. No adjuvant chemotherapy nor radiotherapy was conducted after operation.

Outcomes: At 2 years after the operation, no recurrence was observed.

Lessons: Although RGNT arising from the spinal cord is extremely rare, we need to consider the tumor as a differential diagnosis for intramedullary spinal cord tumors.