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Structural, morphometric and immunohistochemical study of the rabbit accessory olfactory bulb. | LitMetric

Structural, morphometric and immunohistochemical study of the rabbit accessory olfactory bulb.

Brain Struct Funct

Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Av Carballo Calero s/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain.

Published: January 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) in rabbits is crucial for processing chemosensory information, but its structural and chemical characteristics are not well understood, hindering research on rabbit chemocommunication.
  • Histological techniques, including various staining methods and immunohistochemical markers, reveal a unique organization of the AOB, including distinct neuronal clusters and a specific expression pattern of G proteins.
  • Notably, there are sex-based differences in the density of principal cells in the AOB, with females showing higher numbers, which contrasts with findings in other species like rats.

Article Abstract

The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) is the first neural integrative centre of the vomeronasal system (VNS), which is associated primarily with the detection of semiochemicals. Although the rabbit is used as a model for the study of chemocommunication, these studies are hampered by the lack of knowledge regarding the topography, lamination, and neurochemical properties of the rabbit AOB. To fill this gap, we have employed histological stainings: lectin labelling with Ulex europaeus (UEA-I), Bandeiraea simplicifolia (BSI-B4), and Lycopersicon esculentum (LEA) agglutinins, and a range of immunohistochemical markers. Anti-G proteins Gαi2/Gαo, not previously studied in the rabbit AOB, are expressed following an antero-posterior zonal pattern. This places Lagomorpha among the small groups of mammals that conserve a double-path vomeronasal reception. Antibodies against olfactory marker protein (OMP), growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), glutaminase (GLS), microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), glial fibrillary-acidic protein (GFAP), calbindin (CB), and calretinin (CR) characterise the strata and the principal components of the BOA, demonstrating several singular features of the rabbit AOB. This diversity is accentuated by the presence of a unique organisation: four neuronal clusters in the accessory bulbar white matter, two of them not previously characterised in any species (the γ and δ groups). Our morphometric study of the AOB has found significant differences between sexes in the numerical density of principal cells, with larger values in females, a pattern completely opposite to that found in rats. In summary, the rabbit possesses a highly developed AOB, with many specific features that highlight the significant role played by chemocommunication among this species.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-019-01997-4DOI Listing

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