Two cases of histiocytosis X are reported. One affected a single bone, the other several bones. Both had the usual radiographic appearances, but a somewhat alarming cytological picture. The differential diagnosis between benign proliferative conditions and those possessing malignant or pseudo-malignant characteristics therefore demanded very careful consideration. After discussion of the radiological and histiocytological data, the diagnosis off histiocytosis X was arrived at, and in view of the favourable results, we are inclined to the view that these were atypical cases of eosinophilic granuloma.
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