Cumulative noise exposure model for outdoor shooting ranges.

An impulsive noise exposure model for outdoor military shooting ranges was created. The inputs to the model included spatial interpolation of noise exposure metrics measured from a single round of fire from a small-arms ballistic weapon. Energies from this single-shot model were spatially translated and summed to simulate multiple shooters firing multiple rounds based on the equal energy hypothesis for damage risk assessment. A validation measurement was performed, and the uncertainties associated with measurement and modeling were shown to be acceptably low. This model can predict and assess total exposures and protection measures for shooters, instructors, and other range personnel.