With the development of micro/nano satellites and formation flying, more advanced spatial propulsion technology is required. In this paper, a review of microthrusters developments that based on micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology adopted in microthrusters is summarized. The microthrusters in previous research are classified and summarized according to the types of propellants and the working principles they utilized. The structure and the performance including the thrust, the impulse and the specific impulse of various microthrusters are compared. In addition, the advantages and the disadvantages of these microthrusters presented in the paper are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10120818 | DOI Listing |
Lab Chip
September 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.
In the realm of nano/microsatellite clustering, the demand for microthrusters is steadily growing. Solid propellant microthrusters, recognized for their lightweight build and structural simplicity, carry significant commercial promise. However, existing solid propellant microthrusters manufactured using MEMS technology encounter notable issues such as inconsistent thrust generation positions, limited thrust profiles, and issues related to productivity, scalability, and durability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
December 2023
Changcheng Institute of Metrology and Measurement, Beijing 100095, China.
When the satellite is in orbit, the thruster will experience drastic temperature changes (100-1000 K) under solar radiation, which will affect the rarefied gas flow state in the micro-nozzle structure of the cold gas micro-thruster. In this study, the effect of different wall temperatures on the rarefied flow and heat transfer in the micro-nozzle is investigated based on the DSMC method. The micro-nozzle structure in this paper has a micro-channel with a large length-to-diameter ratio of 10 and a micro-scale needle valve displacement (maximum needle valve displacement up to 4 μm).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
April 2023
School of Mathematical Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
In this article, electro-osmotic thrusters (EOTs), which are full of non-Newtonian power-law fluids with a flow behavior index of the effective viscosity, are theoretically investigated in a microchannel. Different values of the flow behavior index represent two kinds of non-Newtonian power-law fluids, pseudoplastic fluids ( < 1) and dilatant fluids ( > 1), which have not yet been considered to be used as propellants in micro-thrusters. Analytical solutions of the electric potential and flow velocity are obtained using the Debye-Hückel linearization assumption and the approximate scheme of hyperbolic sine function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
December 2022
Paul Scherrer Institute, Laboratory for Scientific Computing and Modeling, Division Scientific Computing, Theory, and Data, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
A lattice Boltzmann (LB) interfacial gas-solid three-dimensional model is developed for isothermal multicomponent flows with strongly nonequimolar catalytic reactions, further accounting for the presence of velocity slips and concentration jumps. The model includes diffusion coefficients of all reactive species in the calculation of the catalytic reaction rates as well as an updated velocity at the reactive boundary node. Lattice Boltzmann simulations are performed in a catalytic channel-flow geometry under a wide range of Knudsen (Kn) and surface Damköhler (Da_{s}) numbers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
May 2022
State Key Laboratory of Laser Propulsion & Application, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China.
In the field of laser ablation micro-propulsion, the property of double-layer tape has significant impact on the propulsion performance. In this paper, low temperature plasma was used to treat the surface of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to improve its adhesion with energetic polymer. The PET surface pre- and post-plasma treatment was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the enhancement mechanism of the interface adhesion was discussed.
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