Deep brain stimulation (DBS) may help control seizures in individuals with medically intractable epilepsy who are not candidates for resective surgery. The current review focuses on some preclinical studies of DBS of the piriform cortex (PC), an area involved in the generation and maintenance of seizures, as a potential therapeutic option for refractory epilepsy. We also present findings suggesting the safety of low frequency stimulation (LFS) of the PC on memory. A variety of LFS parameters have been suggested as an effective treatment strategy for refractory epilepsy. In generalized epilepsy, however, recent studies suggest that LFS may exacerbate seizures and high frequency stimulation (HFS) might be an alternative. Hence, further studies are required to explore the potential therapeutic targets and proper stimulation parameters for the successful translation of DBS of the PC to the clinic.
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