Many types of cells secrete DNA, RNA, and proteins through microvesicles, such as exosomes and apoptotic bodies, for the purpose of extracellular communication [...].
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111957 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
Unveiling the key influencing factors towards electrode/electrolyte interface control is a long-standing challenge for a better understanding of microscopic electrode kinetics, which is indispensable to building up guiding principles for designer electrocatalysts with desirable functionality. Herein, we exemplify the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) via water molecule oxidation with the iridium dioxide electrocatalyst and uncovered the significant mismatching effect of pH between local electrode surface and bulk electrolyte: the intrinsic OER activity under acidic or near-neutral condition was deciphered to be identical by adjusting this pH mismatching. This result indicates that the local pH effect at the electrified solid-liquid interface plays the main role in the "fake" OER performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Clin Cases
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, RP Eye Institute, Delhi 110001, India.
The study by Cao aimed to identify early second-trimester biomarkers that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development using advanced proteomic techniques, such as Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Their analysis revealed 47 differentially expressed proteins in the GDM group, with retinol-binding protein 4 and angiopoietin-like 8 showing significantly elevated serum levels compared to controls. Although these findings are promising, the study is limited by its small sample size ( = 4 per group) and lacks essential details on the reproducibility and reliability of the protein quantification methods used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
December 2024
Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics Laboratory, The Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
Inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various diseases by promoting the acquisition of new functional traits by different cell types. Shared risk factors between cardiovascular disease and cancer, including smoking, obesity, diabetes, high-fat diet, low physical activity, and alcohol consumption, contribute to inflammation linked to platelet activation. Platelets contribute to an inflammatory state by activating various normal cells, such as fibroblasts, immune cells, and vascular cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKidney explant cultures are traditionally carried out at air-liquid interfaces, which disrupts 3D tissue structure and limits interpretation of developmental data. To overcome this limitation, we developed a 3D culture technique using hydrogel embedding to capture morphogenesis in real time. We show that 3D culture better approximates -like niche spacing and dynamic tubule tip rearrangement, as well as -like presentation of branching defects under perturbations to glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)- RE arranged during T ransfection (RET) tyrosine kinase signaling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall Methods
January 2025
Wide-bandgap semiconductors (WBGS) with energy bandgaps larger than 3.4 eV for GaN and 3.2 eV for SiC have gained attention for their superior electrical and thermal properties, which enable high-power, high-frequency, and harsh-environment devices beyond the capabilities of conventional semiconductors.
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