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First report of human infection with avian influenza A(H9N2) virus in Oman: The need for a One Health approach. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The first human case of avian influenza A subtype H9N2 was detected in 1998, with over 40 cases identified globally, though its main impact has been on poultry populations, leading to significant economic losses despite being less pathogenic.
  • - A notable case involved a 14-month-old girl in Oman, marking the first human infection with A(H9N2) in Oman and the Gulf region, where she presented with symptoms severe enough to require intensive care.
  • - To effectively address the risks posed by avian influenza, there is an urgent need for a One Health approach, focusing on enhanced surveillance in poultry and preventive measures for those in high-risk jobs.

Article Abstract

Following the detection of the first human case of avian influenza A subtype H9N2 in 1998, more than 40 cases were diagnosed worldwide. However, the spread of the virus has been more remarkable and significant in global poultry populations, causing notable economic losses despite its low pathogenicity. Many surveillance studies and activities conducted in several countries have shown the predominance of this virus subtype. We present the case of a 14-month-old female in Oman with an A(H9N2) virus infection. This is the first human case of A(H9N2) reported from Oman and the Gulf Cooperation Countries, and Oman is the second country outside of southern and eastern Asia to report a case (cases have also been detected in Egypt). The patient had bronchial asthma and presented with a high-grade temperature and symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection that necessitated admission to a high dependency unit in a tertiary care hospital. It is of urgency that a multisector One Health approach be established to combat the threat of avian influenza at the animal-human interface. In addition to enhancements of surveillance and control in poultry, there is a need to develop screening and preventive programs for high-risk occupations.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2019.11.020DOI Listing

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