The observation that dynamic compliance (Cdyn) tended to rise with respiratory frequency (f) in adult cattle led us to reassess the importance of inertial pressures in measuring Cdyn in large animals. Five healthy Friesian cows were selected for their ability to show an increase of f without significant change in tidal volume (VT). Dynamic compliance was measured three times, both at the resting f (21 +/- 1 cpm), and at higher f (49 +/- 3 cpm), obtained by an artificial increase in the dead space of the breathing mask. Frequency-response characteristics of the measuring instruments were matched up to 12 Hz. The inertia of the lungs and gas stream (In) was calculated as the ratio of the accelerative pressure change to the simultaneous change in volume acceleration. Inertance was also estimated from the dimensions of the bovine airways and from the relative linear flow velocities reported by Rohrer (1915). Dynamic compliance measured during rapid breathing was significantly higher (p less than or equal to 0.01) than base-line values. Dynamic compliance was strongly correlated with f (r = +0.96). Measured and estimated In were 0.002 and 0.003 kPa.sec2.L-1 respectively. Dynamic compliance did not differ significantly from base-line values when it was corrected for the estimated inertance effect.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396404 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Wisconsin Madison School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Background: People living with dementia (PLWD) are high utilizers of acute illness and emergency care, with over 50% of the more than 6 million people with Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementia (ADRD) visiting an emergency department (ED) annually. While the ED plays an important role meeting the urgent and acute needs of PLWD and their caregivers, presence of ADRD is often not well recognized and ED visits are associated with significant adverse outcomes for PLWD. Despite these factors, research on the emergency care needs of PLWD is extremely limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN, USA.
Background: When designing cutting-edge technology, particularly humanoid social robots, an essential consideration is understanding how individuals naturally engage in social interactions, shaping their relationships with technology and media.
Method: In pursuit of insights into the application of natural human behavior, specifically reciprocation, in human-robot interaction, an experiment involving 72 participants, involving facial electromyography, focusing on zygomatic and corrugator muscles, served as a tool to gauge users' emotional valence during interactions. The study assessed users' willingness to reciprocate a favor and measured compliance by tracking the number of raffle tickets purchased by users at the robot's request.
Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol
February 2025
Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck surgery Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António Porto Portugal.
Background And Objective: Septoplasty and turbinate reduction surgery (STR) is hypothesized to affect pulmonary function by modifying airway dynamics. This study investigates the impact of STR-mediated improvements in nasal patency on pulmonary function tests (PFTs).
Methods: In a prospective analysis, 37 adult patients undergoing STR were enrolled.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Since 1999, every report released by the International Panel on Climate Change has advocated a decrease in the greenhouse gas emissions associated with aviation in order to preserve the current climate. This study used a two variable differential equations model with a non-linear control term to address several aspects of the emissions stabilization issue. By optimizing the control term parameter, several management alternatives can be obtained based on the properties of the phase plane of the model solutions, as identified by a stability analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccid Anal Prev
January 2025
School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are crucial for enhancing driving safety by alerting drivers to unrecognized risks. However, traditional ADAS often fail to account for individual decision-making processes, including drivers' perceptions of the environment and personal driving styles, which can lead to non-compliance with the provided assistance. This paper introduces a novel Cognitive-Digital-Twin-based Driving Assistance System (CDAS), leveraging a personalized driving decision model that dynamically updates based on the driver's control and observation actions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!