Insect fauna attracted to cadavers at the crime scene can be identified and used to estimate the post-mortem interval (PMI). In the current study, insects associated with two human cadavers in a vehicular environment were collected and analysed. The first cadaver was found five days' post mortem in a garage. The second cadaver was found in a car ten days after his death. The weather conditions were obtained from the nearest weather station located to the scenes of the death. During the study, six adults, 32 larvae and egg batches were collected from case 1 and identified as Wiedemann (Diptera: Calliphoridae). From the second case, two larvae of Loew (Diptera: Foridae) and seven larvae of L. (Diptera: Muscidae) were identified. mPMI ranged from five to twelve days. This information expands the knowledge on the insect fauna in the vehicular environment, which could be used to assist estimation of the PMI.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.04.011 | DOI Listing |
Environ Pollut
January 2025
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Applying real-world driving emissions (RDE) data to machine learning, this study investigated vehicular emission characteristics and reduction strategies in Tianjin and Xining, two cities at different altitudes. Significant differences in CO₂ and particulate number (PN) emissions were observed, primarily due to altitude-induced changes in air pressure, affecting air resistance and combustion efficiency. Driving conditions and emission standards were identified as key factors influencing emissions, with road grade and air pressure playing crucial roles at high altitudes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
January 2025
Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 02841, Korea.
ConspectusWater-in-salt electrolytes (WiSEs) are promising electrolytes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering critical advantages like nonflammability and improved safety. These electrolytes have extremely high salt concentrations and exhibit unique solvation structures and transport mechanisms dominated by the formation of ion networks and aggregates. These ion networks are central to the performance of WiSEs, govern the transport properties and stability of the electrolyte, deviating from conventional dilute aqueous or organic electrolytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
January 2025
University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Airborne particulate matter (PM) in urban environments poses significant health risks by penetrating the respiratory system, with concern over lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) as an indicator of particle exposure. This study aimed to investigate the diurnal trends and sources of LDSA, particle number concentration (PNC), elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC) concentrations in Los Angeles across different seasons to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contributions from primary and secondary sources of ultrafine particles (UFPs). Hourly measurements of PNC and LDSA were conducted using the DiSCmini and Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), while OC and EC concentrations were measured using the Sunset Lab EC/OC Monitor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
College of Environment and Climate, Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, 51143, China.
Higher alkanes are a major class of intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) emitted by vehicles, which have been considered as important precursors of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban area. Dynamometer experiments were conducted to characterize emissions from gasoline and diesel vehicles in China. Three types of higher alkanes, namely acyclic, cyclic, and bicyclic alkanes, were explicitly quantified through the novel proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer with NO ionization (NO PTR-ToF-MS) with time response of 1 second.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Rehabil Sci
December 2024
School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.
Introduction: Heritage sites often pose significant accessibility challenges for individuals with visual disabilities due to their preserved architectural features and strict regulations against modifications. In shared streets, designed to encourage pedestrian use and reduce vehicle dominance, these challenges are exacerbated by the lack of tactile and directional cues for visually impaired users. This study, set in the context of Canadian heritage sites, explores how shared streets can be adapted to be more inclusive while respecting the integrity of historical environments.
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