When we track an object moving in depth, our eyes rotate in opposite directions. This type of "disjunctive" eye movement is called horizontal vergence. The sensory control signals for vergence arise from multiple visual cues, two of which, changing binocular disparity (CD) and inter-ocular velocity differences (IOVD), are specifically binocular. While it is well known that the CD cue triggers horizontal vergence eye movements, the role of the IOVD cue has only recently been explored. To better understand the relative contribution of CD and IOVD cues in driving horizontal vergence, we recorded vergence eye movements from ten observers in response to four types of stimuli that isolated or combined the two cues to motion-in-depth, using stimulus conditions and CD/IOVD stimuli typical of behavioural motion-in-depth experiments. An analysis of the slopes of the vergence traces and the consistency of the directions of vergence and stimulus movements showed that under our conditions IOVD cues provided very little input to vergence mechanisms. The eye movements that did occur coinciding with the presentation of IOVD stimuli were likely not a response to stimulus motion, but a phoria initiated by the absence of a disparity signal.
Background And Objective: The study examines the relationship between ocular rotations and cardiovascular functions through detailed biomechanical analysis. The study documents specific patterns of ocular movements and their synchronization with cardiovascular activity, highlighting significant correlations. These findings provide a basis for understanding the opto-biomechanical interplay between ocular and cardiovascular dynamics.
Exploration de la Vision et Neuro-Ophtalmologie (RF, VS), CHU de Lille, Lille, France; and University of Lille (QL, VS, MB), INSERM, CNRS, UMR-S 1172-Lab, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France.
Background: Most of the data on visual functions in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is based on patient questionnaires. Our study assessed the impact of LHON on visual function by testing facial recognition and execution of purposeful actions.
Methods: Twelve participants with LHON with central scotoma ranging from 5° to 20° and 12 unaffected age-matched controls were involved in our study.
Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University at Jiangxi, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by recurrent upper airway collapse and obstruction, leading to reduced or absent breathing during sleep, especially rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and continuous positive airway pressure treatment (CPAP) is often used for treatment of OSA. Sawtooth waves (STWs) are a characteristic of REM sleep.
Objective: To examine effects of CPAP treatment on STWs during REM sleep in the OSA patients.
Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate the electrophysiological features of hemifacial spasm (HFS) and post-facial paralysis synkinesis (PFPS) that contribute to differential diagnosis.
Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective analysis, focusing on 132 patients diagnosed with HFS and 78 patients with PFPS between May and October 2023. Patient data were collected from existing medical records.
