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Pervasive horizontal transmission of Wolbachia in natural populations of closely related and widespread tropical skipper butterflies.
BMC Microbiol
January 2025
Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Background: The endosymbiotic relationship between Wolbachia bacteria and insects has been of interest for many years due to their diverse types of host reproductive phenotypic manipulation and potential role in the host's evolutionary history and population dynamics. Even though infection rates are high in Lepidoptera and specifically in butterflies, and reproductive manipulation is present in these taxa, less attention has been given to understanding how Wolbachia is acquired and maintained in their natural populations, across and within species having continental geographical distributions.
Results: We used whole genome sequencing data to investigate the phylogenetics, demographic history, and infection rate dynamics of Wolbachia in four species of the Spicauda genus of skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), a taxon that presents sympatric and often syntopic distribution, with drastic variability in species abundance in the Neotropical region.
Evaluating the Effects of Flavonoids on Insects: Implications for Managing Pests Without Harming Beneficials.
Insects
December 2024
Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA.
Flavonoids have multiple functions, including host-plant defense against attacks from herbivorous insects. This manuscript reviewed and analyzed the scientific literature to test the hypothesis that flavonoids can be utilized to manage pests without causing significant harm to beneficials. The methodology involved using recognized literature databases, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFacing stress and inflammation: From the cell to the planet.
World J Exp Med
December 2024
Department of Surgery, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
As identified in 1936 by Hans Selye, stress is shaping diseases through the induction of inflammation. But inflammation display some yin yang properties. On one hand inflammation is merging with the innate immune response aimed to fight infectious or sterile insults, on the other hand inflammation favors chronic physical or psychological disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical and Imaging Characteristics of PRPH2 Retinopathies in a Longitudinal Cohort and Diagnostic Implications.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to define genotypic-phenotypic correlations related to PRPH2-associated retinopathies in an observational longitudinal cohort and to improve diagnostic accuracy.
Methods: Individuals with PRPH2 variants were identified by genetic sequencing of 263 individuals (including 59 families). Ocular examinations with multimodal imaging were evaluated.
Twisted Bilayer MoS under Electric Fields: A System with Tunable Symmetry.
Nano Lett
December 2024
Department of Physics and Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research and Technology (QFort), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
Gate voltages take full advantage of 2D systems, making it possible to explore novel states of matter by controlling their electron concentration or applying perpendicular electric fields. Here, we study the electronic properties of small-angle twisted bilayer MoS under a strong electric field. We show that transport across one of its constituent layers can be effectively regarded as a two-dimensional electron gas under a nanoscale potential.
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