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http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M19-0934 | DOI Listing |
Entropy (Basel)
January 2025
Quantum ICT Research Institute, Tamagawa University, Tokyo 194-8610, Japan.
The limitations of cloning and discriminating quantum states are related to the non-orthogonality of the states. Hence, understanding the collective features of quantum states is essential for the future development of quantum communications technology. This paper investigates the non-orthogonality of different coherent-state signal constellations used in quantum communications, namely phase-shift keying (PSK), quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM), and a newly defined signal named the sunflower-like (SUN) coherent-state signal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School Geography & Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK.
High costs and project-based (short-term) financing mean that coastal engineering projects are often undertaken in the absence of appropriate post-construction monitoring programmes. Consequently, the performance of shoreline-stabilizing structures or beach nourishments cannot be properly quantified. Given the high value of beaches and the increase in erosion problems and coastal engineering responses, managers require as much accurate data as possible to support efficient decision-making.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Rev Dis Primers
January 2025
Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Cushing syndrome (CS) is a constellation of signs and symptoms caused by excessive exposure to exogenous or endogenous glucocorticoid hormones. Endogenous CS is caused by increased cortisol production by one or both adrenal glands (adrenal CS) or by elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from a pituitary tumour (Cushing disease (CD)) or non-pituitary tumour (ectopic ACTH secretion), which stimulates excessive cortisol production. CS is associated with severe multisystem morbidity, including impaired cardiovascular and metabolic function, infections and neuropsychiatric disorders, which notably reduce quality of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol
January 2025
Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA; email:
Although human genetics has substantial potential to illuminate novel disease pathways and facilitate drug development, identifying causal variants and deciphering their mechanisms remain challenging. We believe these challenges can be addressed, in part, by creatively repurposing the results of molecular trait genome-wide association studies (GWASs). In this review, we introduce techniques related to molecular GWASs and unconventionally apply them to understanding , a human coronary artery disease risk locus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ethn Migr Stud
November 2024
Institute for Sociology, University of Duisburg Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
The European Union (EU) experienced two major instances of refugee influx: in 2015, refugees, mainly from Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq fled civil war, persecution, and dire conditions in neighbouring countries and in 2022, Ukrainians fled from Russia's full-scale invasion. Fusing theoretical insights on framing and crisification of migration, we ask: How do EU actors frame situations of refugee mass influx? Employing a Discourse Network Analysis, we examine EU representatives' framing of both instances with respect to three analytical foci: (1) who or what they considered to be in crisis, (2) their framing of refugees; and (3) who they saw to be responsible for solving the crisis. We show how, in 2015, EU representatives framed mass displacement predominantly as a crisis at and of Europe's borders, and refugees as threats to Member States' public, economic and cultural security.
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