AI Article Synopsis
- Inflammation is a response to restore tissue balance after injury or infection, but aging can lead to chronic low-grade inflammation called inflammaging, linked to various age-related diseases.
- Activation of tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway helps manage inflammation and promotes long-term immune tolerance, with changes in tryptophan and kynurenine levels related to aging and disease.
- The review highlights the importance of the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio as a potential biomarker for inflammaging and discusses how adjusting tryptophan metabolism may improve health and longevity.
Article Abstract
Inflammation aims to restore tissue homeostasis after injury or infection. Age-related decline of tissue homeostasis causes a physiological low-grade chronic inflammatory phenotype known as inflammaging that is involved in many age-related diseases. Activation of tryptophan (Trp) metabolism along the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway prevents hyperinflammation and induces long-term immune tolerance. Systemic Trp and Kyn levels change upon aging and in age-related diseases. Moreover, modulation of Trp metabolism can either aggravate or prevent inflammaging-related diseases. In this review, we discuss how age-related Kyn/Trp activation is necessary to control inflammaging and alters the functioning of other metabolic faiths of Trp including Kyn metabolites, microbiota-derived indoles and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). We explore the potential of the Kyn/Trp ratio as a biomarker of inflammaging and discuss how intervening in Trp metabolism might extend health- and lifespan.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6833926 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02565 | DOI Listing |
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