An approach to model clustered survival data with dependent censoring.

In this study we introduce a likelihood-based method, via the Weibull and piecewise exponential distributions, capable of accommodating the dependence between failure and censoring times. The methodology is developed for the analysis of clustered survival data and it assumes that failure and censoring times are mutually independent conditional on a latent frailty. The dependent censoring mechanism is accounted through the frailty effect and this is accomplished by means of a key parameter accommodating the correlation between failure and censored observations. The full specification of the likelihood in our work simplifies the inference procedures with respect to Huang and Wolfe since it reduces the computation burden of working with the profile likelihood. In addition, the assumptions made for the baseline distributions lead to models with continuous survival functions. In order to carry out inferences, we devise a Monte Carlo EM algorithm. The performance of the proposed models is investigated through a simulation study. Finally, we explore a real application involving patients from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study observed between 1996 and 2015.