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Venom from Spiders Collected in Southeastern and Northeastern Brazilian Regions Cause Hemotoxic Effects on Human Blood Components.
Toxins (Basel)
December 2024
Molecular Toxinology Lab, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation-FUNED, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil.
Spiders of the genus represent a public health problem in Brazil due to the severity of the cutaneous and systemic effects that may result from their bite. In the systemic form of loxoscelism, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation can occur. Despite the seriousness of accidents, the venom of some species has not yet been properly characterized considering these hemotoxic effects, such as that of , , and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurgical Management of Acute Forearm Compartment Syndrome Due to Suspected Edematous Cutaneous Loxoscelism.
Am J Case Rep
November 2024
Department of General Surgery and Endoscopy, General Hospital Dra Matilde Petra Montoya Lafragua, Institute of Security and Social Services of State Workers (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico.
BACKGROUND Compartment syndrome of the forearm has been associated with a variety of etiologies, including fractures, snake bites, complications of certain infections, and, very rarely, spider bites. Loxoscelism is the venom-related clinical manifestation of the bite of spiders of the genus Loxosceles, also called brown or fiddler (violinist) spiders. It manifests locally/regionally with pain, erythema, and edema, with subsequent necrotic plaque formation at the site of the bite.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel insights into the application of recombinant mutated phospholipases D as antigens for developing new strategies against Loxoscelism.
Acta Trop
October 2024
Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, 81530-900, PR, Brazil. Electronic address:
Loxoscelism is the pathological condition triggered by a brown spider bite. The venom of these spiders is rich in phospholipases D (PLDs), which can induce virtually all local and systemic manifestations. Recombinant mutated PLDs from clinically relevant Loxosceles species in South America have been investigated as potential antigens to develop novel therapeutic strategies for loxoscelism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtective effects of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived secretome on dermonecrosis induced in rabbits by spider venom.
J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis
July 2024
Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary College, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Background: Loxoscelism refers to a set of clinical manifestations caused by the bite of spiders from the genus. The classic clinical symptoms are characterized by an intense inflammatory reaction at the bite site followed by local necrosis and can be classified as cutaneous loxoscelism. This cutaneous form presents difficult healing, and the proposed treatments are not specific or effective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNecrotic ulcers caused by Loxosceles rufescens bites: a report of seven patients and scanning electron microscopy of the spider.
Eur J Dermatol
June 2024
SC Dermatologia, Fondazione IRCCS, Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Loxosceles rufescens is a spider that can cause bites leading to necrotic ulcers in humans; the study documents twelve cases with confirmed bites and provides detailed clinical observations.
- Seven patients developed single necrotic ulcers in various body parts, experiencing pain and burning but showing no systemic symptoms; they were treated with topical solutions and some needed antibiotics for bacterial infections.
- Recovery took up to eight weeks for all patients, but five developed scars, highlighting the need for proper identification of the spider to confirm the bite's causative agent and manage treatment effectively.
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