Laparoscopic Approach of the Obstruction of the Lower Third of the Esophagus in Children.

To review the diagnostic methodology in pediatric patients with obstruction of the lower third of the esophagus as well as minimally invasive therapeutic options. Retrospective study carried out reviewing records of children with esophageal obstruction diagnostic, from 2000 to 2018. They were divided into Group I stenosis secondary to reflux; Group II achalasia; and Group III embryonic remnants. Thirty-three patients. Group I: 7; esophageal barium swallow irregular stenosis of the distal third and endoscopy irregular stenosis in 7. Treated with laparoscopic fundoplication 2, Collis Nissen 5. Group II: 22 patients, age X = 11.55 years. All with dysphagia and symmetrical stenosis of esophagogastric junction. Fifteen underwent manometry and all underwent intraoperative endoscopy. All had laparoscopic myotomy, with 2 perforations and no conversions, 2 patients had subsequent dysphagia to solids, and they did not need esophageal dilatation. Group III: 4 patients, stenosis was above esophagogastric junction. On endoscopy, inflammation was present in all 3 with irregular esophagogastric junction and difficulty passing endoscope. Three patients underwent laparoscopic resection and anastomosis. One patient leaked and developed a fistula. One patient has not been operated upon as yet. In those patients, the best surgical option depends upon the diagnosis. Esophageal barium studies and endoscopy allow discerning among them.