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Joint spatiotemporal modelling of tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus in Ethiopia using a Bayesian hierarchical approach.
BMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Statistics, University of South Africa, c/o Christiaan de Wet Road & Pioneer Avenue, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Background: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the distribution of HIV and TB in Ethiopia during four years (2015-2018) at the district level, considering both spatial and temporal patterns.
Methods: Consolidated data on the count of TB case notifications and the number of patients with HIV for four years, 2015-2018, were provided by the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health. The data was analyzed using the Bayesian hierarchical approach, employing joint spatiotemporal modelling.
Causal association and potential mediator between lung cancer and tuberculosis: a Mendelian randomization study.
Microb Pathog
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:
Background: The coexistence of tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer (LC) is not rare, but their causal association are underexplored. This study aims to elucidate these bidirectional correlations and investigate the mediating effects of immunophenotypes and plasma metabolites.
Methods: Genetic variants for TB and LC were sourced from the IEU Open GWAS Project, while data for 731 immunophenotypes and 1400 plasma metabolites from previously published GWAS.
Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Lung-RADS in a Tuberculosis-endemic Country: The Korean National Lung Cancer Screening Program.
Chest
January 2025
Division of Cancer Early Detection, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea. Electronic address:
Background: In 2019, Korea initiated the world's first national low-dose computed tomography (CT) lung cancer screening (LCS) program, adapting the Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) to counteract the high false-positive rates driven by prevalent tuberculosis.
Research Question: Does the modified Lung-RADS enhance screening specificity while maintaining sensitivity?
Study Design And Methods: This nationwide, retrospective, cohort study included high-risk current smokers aged 54 to 74 with at least 30 pack-years, participating in the national LCS program from 2019 to 2020. The modified Lung-RADS 1.
An analysis of knowledge, attitudes, practice and influencing factors for tuberculosis prevention and control among Hainan University students.
Front Public Health
January 2025
Department of Scientific Research, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China.
Objective: To assess the current status of knowledge, attitude, and practice pertaining to tuberculosis prevention among college students in Hainan Province, China, and to identify influential factors. The findings of this study are intended to provide valuable insights for the development and implementation of effective health education programs aimed at tuberculosis prevention and control.
Methods: A convenient sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire-based survey among college students at a university in Hainan Province using the Wenjuanxing platform from January to February 2023.
Malnutrition and associated risk factors in orphanages in Punjab, Pakistan: an analytical study.
BMJ Nutr Prev Health
November 2024
Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Background: Children living in orphanages face an increased susceptibility to malnutrition due to inadequate nutrition and psychological factors, in comparison to children who stay with their parents. A considerable proportion of institutionalised children remain unreported, and there is a dearth of information regarding the nutritional status of these children in Pakistan. This study set out to evaluate the status of malnutrition in the orphanages of Social Welfare Department Punjab.
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