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Small Molecules in Parkinson's Disease Therapy: From Dopamine Pathways to New Emerging Targets.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
December 2024
BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research, Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurological disorder affecting approximately 10 million people worldwide, with prevalence expected to rise as the global population ages. It is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability, and gait disturbances, as well as non-motor symptoms including olfactory disturbances, sleep disorders, and depression. Currently, no cure exists for PD, and most available therapies focus on symptom alleviation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtending Exciton Diffusion Length via an Organic-Metal Platinum Complex Additive for High-Performance Thick-Film Organic Solar Cells.
Adv Mater
January 2025
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China.
The long exciton diffusion length (L) plays an important role in promoting exciton dissociation, suppressing charge recombination, and improving the charge transport process, thereby improving the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs), especially in thick-film OSCs. However, the limited L hinders further improvement in device performance as the film thickness increases. Here, an organic-metal platinum complex, namely TTz-Pt, is synthesized and served as a solid additive into the D18-Cl:L8-BO system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypoxic mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal circDennd2a regulates granulosa cell glycolysis by interacting with LDHA.
Stem Cell Res Ther
December 2024
Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, China.
Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is an ovarian dysfunction disorder that significantly impacts female fertility. Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) are crucial somatic components supporting oocyte development that rely on glycolysis for energy production, which is essential for follicular growth. Hypoxia-induced exosomal circRNAs regulate glycolysis, but their biological functions and molecular mechanisms in POI are largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Different Concentrations of AmB on the Unsaturated Phospholipid-Cholesterol Membrane Using the Langmuir Monolayer and Liposome Models.
Molecules
November 2024
Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Photo-Electronics Materials and Energy Conversion Device, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China.
Article Synopsis
- Amphotericin B (AmB) causes toxicity to red blood cell membranes, leading to hemolysis and limiting its effective use in treating invasive fungal infections.
- The study investigated how different concentrations of AmB (5, 45, 85, and 125 μg/mL) interact with unsaturated phospholipid membranes containing cholesterol, using methods like the Langmuir model and fluorescence techniques.
- Findings revealed that as AmB concentration increases, it not only alters the organization and elasticity of the membrane but also affects the balance between hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains, particularly when concentrations exceed 85 μg/mL.
Enhancing Dysarthric Voice Conversion with Fuzzy Expectation Maximization in Diffusion Models for Phoneme Prediction.
Diagnostics (Basel)
November 2024
College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan.
Dysarthria, a motor speech disorder caused by neurological damage, significantly hampers speech intelligibility, creating communication barriers for affected individuals. Voice conversion (VC) systems have been developed to address this, yet accurately predicting phonemes in dysarthric speech remains a challenge due to its variability. This study proposes a novel approach that integrates Fuzzy Expectation Maximization (FEM) with diffusion models for enhanced phoneme prediction, aiming to improve the quality of dysarthric voice conversion.
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